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The regularity and richness of the annual Nile River flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and
west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations. A unified kingdom arose circa 3200 B.C. and a
series of dynasties ruled in Egypt for the next three millennia. The last native dynasty fell to the Persians in 341 B.C., who
in turn were replaced by the Greeks, Romans, and Byzantines. It was the Arabs who introduced Islam and the Arabic language in
the 7th century and who ruled for the next six centuries. A local military caste, the Mamluks took control about 1250 and
continued to govern after the conquest of Egypt by the Ottoman Turks in 1517. Following the completion of the Suez Canal in
1869, Egypt became an important world transportation hub, but also fell heavily into debt. Ostensibly to protect its
investments, Britain seized control of Egypt's government in 1882, but nominal allegiance to the Ottoman Empire continued
until 1914. Partially independent from the UK in 1922, Egypt acquired full sovereignty following World War II. The completion
of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the
agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growing population (the largest in the Arab world), limited arable land, and
dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress society. The government has struggled to ready the economy
for the new millennium through economic reform and massive investment in communications and physical infrastructure.
Source: The World FactbookMés...
Ciutats
| Abu Sunbul | Asyut | Mersa Matruh | Taba |
| Alexandria | Alexandria | El Caire | Ras el Naqb (Ras an Naqb) |
| Al Ghardaqah | Luxor | Sharm ash Shaykh | |
| Assuan | Marsa al `Alam | Siwa |
La moneda local és Egyptian Pound
Egyptian Pound =